What Is A Thread Count?
In simplest terms, the "thread count" (TC) refers to the number of fibers woven together in one-square-inch of fabric. Thread counts can range anywhere from 80 - 1200TC. Low-end thread count fabrics are generally used in settings where the linens are going to have a short life span (ie. institutional settings).
Don't Be Fooled
Although it's very important, thread counts alone are not the only factor to consider when purchasing a set of sheets. One must take into consideration the type of cotton used and the "ply" of the sheets. The term "ply" refers to the number of single fibers twisted together before it is woven into a fabric. By twisting two fibers together, mills can double the thread count of a fabric. By twising three fibers together, they can triple it and so on. Some 1000TC sets of sheets are actually 330TC 3-ply or 250TC 4-ply. Sheets are easier to make this way, so be weary of manufacturers who do this. Generally the higher the ply, the heavier and thicker the fabric. Also, the greater the ply is, the more the chances of the fabric pilling increases as well too. The highest thread count that is typically woven in a single ply is about 600TC. If you can find a set of single-ply sheets that is genuinely 500 thread count, plus -- then you've found yourself a great set of sheets (depending on the cotton used). 1000TC sheets are almost always 2-ply.
The benefits of having a high thread count sheets is that mills are forced to create much finer threads in order to increase the amount of threads in a square inch (keeping in mind that they don't also increase the ply). Finer threads usually result in a much smoother and softer fabric. This is the main reason that a higher thread count fabric is more desireable than a low thread count one. Having finer threads also means that the threads are slightly more delicate, so one must use proper care instructions when washing their linens .
Making A Choice
To summarize it all, you have to find a balance between the thread count and the ply. If you're looking for the ultimate in softness, get a high thread count low ply but be prepared to spend the money. If you don't mind or even prefer a heavier set of sheets, get a high thread count with a high ply (3-4). They'll certainly keep you warmer. If you do decide to go with a higher thread count, make sure that you use use proper care instructions to prevent pilling. Anything above 300TC is usually soft enough for most people. If you prefer a lighter sheet, look in the 250-600TC range with lower plys.
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